History of Monufia Governorate in Egypt

Menoufia governorate is an Egyptian governorate located north of the capital Cairo in the south of the Nile Delta, and its capital is the city of Shebin El Kom, and its largest city is Sadat City, which was carved out of Beheira governorate in 1991; 34 years ago. its population was 4,801,152 according to the official census of 2006, and its area is 2,543.03 km2. About half of the governorate's area is confined between the Damietta and Rashid branches of the Nile River, while the other half extends as a desert back west of the Rashid branch to include the Sadat Center, the largest centers of the governorate. In general, Menoufia consists of 9 administrative centers, which include 10 cities: Shebin al-Kom, menouf, Sadat City, SARS Al-Lian, Ashmun, Al-Bajour, qaisna, Barakat al-Sheba, Tala and al-Shuhada.

Menoufia University was established by the republican decree of 2013 as Sadat City University, after it was a branch of Menoufia University, in addition to Al-Riyada University of Science and technology in Sadat City, Delta Technological University in quisna, and Al-Menoufia private university in tukh tanbasha, in addition to the faculties of Al-Azhar University in Shebin al-Kom and Sadat.
The main economic activity of the inhabitants of the governorate is agriculture, because the lands of the ancient Menoufia between the two branches of the Nile are characterized by fertile soil and abundant irrigation water permanently from the Nile River, as well as agriculture is present in the desert of Sadat Center through land reclamation. There are all kinds of cash crops, vegetables and fruits in the province. Industrial activity also contributes strongly to agricultural activity, especially after the annexation of Sadat City to the governorate, which is one of the largest industrial cities in Egypt, as there are other industrial zones in the city of guisna, next to light industries in the city of Shebin al-Kom.
Menoufia governorate ranked eleventh in 2006 in the ranking of Egyptian governorates located in the Nile Valley and Delta in terms of quality of life and the high level of services.as for roads and transportation, two of the most important roads in Egypt penetrate the governorate, the first is the Cairo - Alexandria Agricultural Road, and the second is the Cairo - Alexandria Desert Road, while most of the remaining roads of Menoufia suffer from poor condition and neglect, despite the many transport links that connect most parts of the governorate with each other. The governorate is known for being the birthplace of four of Egypt's five most recent presidents, as well as many holders of senior positions in the state administrative apparatus.

Geography

The governorate of Menoufia is located between the Nile Rashid and Damietta branches in the south of the Delta in northern Egypt, and it is shaped like a triangle with its head in the south and its base in the North.its area was 1,532.1 km2, representing 1.5% of the area of the Arab Republic of Egypt. The governorate was extended at the beginning of the nineties of the twentieth century to the west of Rashid branch, to include the Sadat Center after it was deducted from Beheira governorate by a Republican decision in 1991; 34 years ago, to reach its current area of 2,543.03 km2, constituting 2.4% of the total area of Egypt.
The governorate's territory extends from south to North for a distance of 64 km from the head of the Nile Delta in the south, up to the northern tip of the governorate at its border with the Western governorate. While it stretches on the transverse axis for more than 80 km, from the Damietta branch eastward to the westernmost tip of Sadat City at its border with Beheira governorate. Before the annexation of the Sadat Center, its transverse extension was only up to the Rashid branch, and after its annexation in 1991, a section of the Rashid branch became an internal stream, which extends from Kafr Dawoud north to khattataba South.