Temple of Mentuhotep II
The funerary temple of Mentuhotep II
located on the West Bank of the Nile, in Deir el-Bahri, on the steps of its amazing circus of mountain columns in front of Thebes, the capital of ancient Egypt. It was founded by Mentuhotep II, the pharaoh of the eleventh ruling dynasty, which united Egypt and contributed to the creation of the Middle Kingdom.
Arment is the holy city of the God Mento next to Thebes. Where God built a temple that cares about Divinity. And he thought about building his own funerary temple in a more luxurious place. As a complex place and a monument not only commemorated the conquest of Lower Egypt and the unification of the lands, but also preserved immortality and was interested in its divinity.
Architecture of the complex
The complex was formed by placing the front of the primitive Hill on top as a symbol of the creation of the world and the Daily birth of the sun, in the form of a decapitated pyramid, with a solar orientation from East to West.
This solar funerary scheme he completed with the Osirian one by being his rock-cut tomb, the kingdom of the dead in the Theban tradition, and the residence of the God Hathor, who receives and protects the deceased. In the front part of the temple, the God Mentu and Amun, together with Mentuhotep II, took care of determining the next construction of the Solar Temples of the Fifth Dynasty.
The ancient temple of the valley is covered with cultivated land, and the Mountain PATH part can be observed more than 950 meters away, surrounded by statues of Mentuhotep II and exhibits such as Osiris, which housed a large courtyard level in front of the funerary temple.
upgrading of the temple
According to Nicholas Grimal, the background of the courtyard leading to the porch was defined by a double Portico of columns, and in the middle between them, there is a slope surrounded by 55 Tarifa (slender-branched tree) and two rows of four pharaonic gems that protected each seated statue of a king dressed in a third feast costume. Thus, the royal architect introduced the concept of botanical architecture thousands of years ago.
There, for the first time, the various parts of a temple were built, consisting of balconies of different heights, which would be like a colonnade or a baptismal Portico erected in the background of the construction. This willingness inspired him to build a mortuary temple of Hatshepsut adjacent to it. Both the back of the courtyard and the balcony have columns decorated with carvings of processions, boats, fishing themes, and scenes illustrating the military achievements of the Pharaoh. There are also statues of Pharaoh Sisistris III of the Twelfth Dynasty here.
A large square of columns was reached in the center of the temple, the base was supported even a little, and many archaeologists, such as Edward Napier, assumed it to be a pyramid, but it was a primitive Crouch in the form of a truncated pyramid. And this porch with columns covers the internal constructions of the burial chapels of six priestess Queens of Hatur. From the balcony, a column is accessed, which leads to another courtyard, a baptismal foyer, and a colonnaded courtyard decorated with views from the shows. A 150-meter underground passage leads to a royal necropolis and worship facilities attached to a rock.It's a hell of an Egyptian supernatural.
The cult zone connecting Mentuhotep II with Amun-Ra predicts houses lasting millions of years belonging to the dynasties of the New Kingdom. In the courtyard there is an entrance called Bab al-Hussein (passenger's door), so named because Howard Carter's horse stumbled into the depression in that place, where he dug and found an underground passage leading to an unfinished tomb or monument (hollow Tomb) featuring the cloth that enveloped the statue of the sitting king dressed in a thirst feast costume, an unknown stone coffin and several performances.
A sandstone statue, its face painted black as a symbol of renewal, and holding the red crown representing Lower Egypt. Access to this vaulted chamber is currently covered. In the complex, there are also tombs of interest in the wives of the King. The Tomb of the main wife, Tim, the mother of Mentuhotep III, has a prominent position, close to the Tomb of the king, and separate from the tombs of the other queens (Ashit, Sadeh, Kawit, Kemsit, and Hahnent).
The sarcophagus of Queen Kawit
Now in the Cairo Museum, it is very special. Mentuhotep II began in the temple with the feast of the beauty of the valley, which was one of the most popular and important holidays in ancient Egypt and was celebrated annually in Thebes, and the procession reached as far as the maritime monastery.
Latest Articles
-webp.webp "Sultan Hussein Kamel of Egypt")
Admin
Sultan Hussein Kamel of Egypt
Hussein Kamel was born on November 21, 1853 in Cairo. He studied in Al-Manial School then traveled to France in 1868 and stayed at Napoleon III royal court. He returned to Egypt upon the Suez Canal inauguration and was the interpreter of the Empress Eugenie.
-webp.webp "History of Ibrahim Pasha 1848")
Admin
History of Ibrahim Pasha 1848
Ibrahim Pasha became the commander of the Egyptian troops in the Greek and Levant Wars. He conquered Damascus and defeated the Ottomans in the Battle of Konya. On September 2, 1848, he became the ruler of Egypt as per the Sultan's decree because of his father's sickness.
Admin
History of Ahmed Fouad Pasha
He spent his childhood with his exiled father in Naples. He got his education from the military academy in Turin, Italy. His mother was Ferial Qadin. Prior to becoming sultan, Fuad had played a major role in the establishment of Egyptian University (now called Cairo University).
Admin
Regin of Abbas I of Egypt | Abbas Pasha I
Abbas has been often described as a mere voluptuary, but Nubar Pasha spoke of him as a true gentleman of the "old school". He was seen as reactionary, morose and taciturn, and spent nearly all his time in his palace. He undid, as far as lay in his power, the works of his grandfather, both good and bad.
-webp.webp "Biography of Tewfik Pasha/ Tawfiq of Egypt")
Admin
Biography of Tewfik Pasha/ Tawfiq of Egypt
Muḥammad Tawfīq Pasha (born April 30, 1852, Cairo, Egypt—died Jan. 7, 1892, Ḥulwān) was the khedive of Egypt (1879–92) during the first phase of the British occupation. The eldest son of Khedive Ismāʿīl, Tawfīq, was distinguished from other members of his family by having engaged in study in Egypt rather than in Europe
Admin
Story of Gabal Shayeb Al Banat - Red Sea Mountain
Jabal shayb al-banat is one of the Red Sea Mountains in the eastern desert in Egypt, located to the west of the city of Hurghada at a latitude of 27 degrees north and a longitude of 33.5 degrees east of the Greenwich line approximately, this mountain is the highest mountain peak in the eastern desert with a height of up to 2185 meters, it is a prominent mass of igneous rocks
