Ra, the sun god, has three appearances; Khepri in the morning, Ra at noon, and Atum at sunset. It is impossible to determine the historical moment in which the doctrine of the sun embraced the concepts of the new monarchy, and the early evidence in this field appears in the name of the second king of the second dynasty (Ra - Nab), which means (Ra the master), and the king (Zuser) of the third dynasty bore the title ( Ra the Golden) and it seems that both previous kings united themselves with (Ra), albeit as his sons, but that unification was not long-term as the subsequent kings abandoned that, then (Khafra and Menkaure) of the Fourth Dynasty were the first two kings to add the title ( Ibn Ra), meaning (son of the sun), to their titles.
That title was also borne by three kings near the end of the Fifth Dynasty (Ni, Serra, Jed Karea, and Unas), then that title became an inseparable part of the king’s names from the Sixth Dynasty until the end of ancient Egyptian history, as this title was preceded by the personal name of the king who born with it Thus, it became apparent that the king was considered from his birth as a son of the god (Ra), and earlier than that and since the king (the grandfather of a branch) of the Fourth Dynasty, the names of the kings of some of this family were compounded from the name (Ra), sometimes from their birth or when ascending the throne if The birth name did not include the compound element of the god (Ra).
According to a late legend, the kings of the Fifth Dynasty were children of the god (Ra), and according to a late legend, the kings of the Fifth Dynasty were children of the god (Ra) from the wife of a priest of the sun, a story that reflects the victory of the doctrine of the sun during the era of this family whose kings built temples to the sun similar Model of the ancient Sun Temple in Heliopolis.
The truth is that although the unique position of the god (Ra) had begun to decline somewhat near the end of the Fifth Dynasty, his belief had already penetrated into the core of the Egyptian religion, and many local deities were found with (Ra). In the early scenes, the falcon (Horus of Edfue) was depicted clearly as it fluttered over the head of the king, but this scene changed after that, and the winged sun disk protected with its wings the title of Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt. The winged disk represents the actual king, and it bears one of his titles (the great god). ) which is associated with the name of the king and all of this decides the complete mixing between (Ra and Horus) and the king in the doctrine of the sacred monarchy.
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